BACKPORT: FROMGIT: mm: enable page walking API to lock vmas during the walk

walk_page_range() and friends often operate under write-locked mmap_lock.
With introduction of vma locks, the vmas have to be locked as well during
such walks to prevent concurrent page faults in these areas.  Add an
additional member to mm_walk_ops to indicate locking requirements for the
walk.

The change ensures that page walks which prevent concurrent page faults
by write-locking mmap_lock, operate correctly after introduction of
per-vma locks.  With per-vma locks page faults can be handled under vma
lock without taking mmap_lock at all, so write locking mmap_lock would
not stop them.  The change ensures vmas are properly locked during such
walks.

A sample issue this solves is do_mbind() performing queue_pages_range()
to queue pages for migration.  Without this change a concurrent page
can be faulted into the area and be left out of migration.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230804152724.3090321-2-surenb@google.com
Signed-off-by: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linuxfoundation.org>
Suggested-by: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Laurent Dufour <ldufour@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Liam Howlett <liam.howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <michel@lespinasse.org>
Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

(cherry picked from commit 2ebc368f59eedcef0de7c832fe1d62935cd3a7ff
https: //git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm.git mm-unstable)
[surenb: changed locking in break_ksm since it's done differently,
skipped the change in the missing __ksm_del_vma(),  skipped the change in
the missing walk_page_range_vma(), removed unused local variables]

Bug: 293665307
Change-Id: Iede9eaa950ea59a268a2e74a8d3022162f0bbd80
Signed-off-by: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>

arch/powerpc/mm/book3s64/subpage_prot.c

@@ -143,6 +143,7 @@ static int subpage_walk_pmd_entry(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr,
 
 static const struct mm_walk_ops subpage_walk_ops = {
 	.pmd_entry	= subpage_walk_pmd_entry,
+	.walk_lock	= PGWALK_WRLOCK_VERIFY,
 };
 
 static void subpage_mark_vma_nohuge(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,

arch/riscv/mm/pageattr.c

@@ -102,6 +102,7 @@ static const struct mm_walk_ops pageattr_ops = {
 	.pmd_entry = pageattr_pmd_entry,
 	.pte_entry = pageattr_pte_entry,
 	.pte_hole = pageattr_pte_hole,
+	.walk_lock = PGWALK_RDLOCK,
 };
 
 static int __set_memory(unsigned long addr, int numpages, pgprot_t set_mask,

arch/s390/mm/gmap.c

@@ -2510,6 +2510,7 @@ static int thp_split_walk_pmd_entry(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr,
 
 static const struct mm_walk_ops thp_split_walk_ops = {
 	.pmd_entry	= thp_split_walk_pmd_entry,
+	.walk_lock	= PGWALK_WRLOCK_VERIFY,
 };
 
 static inline void thp_split_mm(struct mm_struct *mm)
@@ -2554,6 +2555,7 @@ static int __zap_zero_pages(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long start,
 
 static const struct mm_walk_ops zap_zero_walk_ops = {
 	.pmd_entry	= __zap_zero_pages,
+	.walk_lock	= PGWALK_WRLOCK,
 };
 
 /*
@@ -2655,6 +2657,7 @@ static const struct mm_walk_ops enable_skey_walk_ops = {
 	.hugetlb_entry		= __s390_enable_skey_hugetlb,
 	.pte_entry		= __s390_enable_skey_pte,
 	.pmd_entry		= __s390_enable_skey_pmd,
+	.walk_lock		= PGWALK_WRLOCK,
 };
 
 int s390_enable_skey(void)
@@ -2692,6 +2695,7 @@ static int __s390_reset_cmma(pte_t *pte, unsigned long addr,
 
 static const struct mm_walk_ops reset_cmma_walk_ops = {
 	.pte_entry		= __s390_reset_cmma,
+	.walk_lock		= PGWALK_WRLOCK,
 };
 
 void s390_reset_cmma(struct mm_struct *mm)
@@ -2728,6 +2732,7 @@ static int s390_gather_pages(pte_t *ptep, unsigned long addr,
 
 static const struct mm_walk_ops gather_pages_ops = {
 	.pte_entry = s390_gather_pages,
+	.walk_lock = PGWALK_RDLOCK,
 };
 
 /*

fs/proc/task_mmu.c

@@ -758,12 +758,14 @@ static int smaps_hugetlb_range(pte_t *pte, unsigned long hmask,
 static const struct mm_walk_ops smaps_walk_ops = {
 	.pmd_entry		= smaps_pte_range,
 	.hugetlb_entry		= smaps_hugetlb_range,
+	.walk_lock		= PGWALK_RDLOCK,
 };
 
 static const struct mm_walk_ops smaps_shmem_walk_ops = {
 	.pmd_entry		= smaps_pte_range,
 	.hugetlb_entry		= smaps_hugetlb_range,
 	.pte_hole		= smaps_pte_hole,
+	.walk_lock		= PGWALK_RDLOCK,
 };
 
 /*
@@ -1247,6 +1249,7 @@ static int clear_refs_test_walk(unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
 static const struct mm_walk_ops clear_refs_walk_ops = {
 	.pmd_entry		= clear_refs_pte_range,
 	.test_walk		= clear_refs_test_walk,
+	.walk_lock		= PGWALK_WRLOCK,
 };
 
 static ssize_t clear_refs_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
@@ -1623,6 +1626,7 @@ static const struct mm_walk_ops pagemap_ops = {
 	.pmd_entry	= pagemap_pmd_range,
 	.pte_hole	= pagemap_pte_hole,
 	.hugetlb_entry	= pagemap_hugetlb_range,
+	.walk_lock	= PGWALK_RDLOCK,
 };
 
 /*
@@ -1929,6 +1933,7 @@ static int gather_hugetlb_stats(pte_t *pte, unsigned long hmask,
 static const struct mm_walk_ops show_numa_ops = {
 	.hugetlb_entry = gather_hugetlb_stats,
 	.pmd_entry = gather_pte_stats,
+	.walk_lock = PGWALK_RDLOCK,
 };
 
 /*

include/linux/pagewalk.h

@@ -6,6 +6,16 @@
 
 struct mm_walk;
 
+/* Locking requirement during a page walk. */
+enum page_walk_lock {
+	/* mmap_lock should be locked for read to stabilize the vma tree */
+	PGWALK_RDLOCK = 0,
+	/* vma will be write-locked during the walk */
+	PGWALK_WRLOCK = 1,
+	/* vma is expected to be already write-locked during the walk */
+	PGWALK_WRLOCK_VERIFY = 2,
+};
+
 /**
  * struct mm_walk_ops - callbacks for walk_page_range
  * @pgd_entry:		if set, called for each non-empty PGD (top-level) entry
@@ -55,6 +65,7 @@ struct mm_walk_ops {
 	int (*pre_vma)(unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
 		       struct mm_walk *walk);
 	void (*post_vma)(struct mm_walk *walk);
+	enum page_walk_lock walk_lock;
 };
 
 /*

mm/damon/vaddr.c

@@ -384,6 +384,7 @@ static int damon_mkold_hugetlb_entry(pte_t *pte, unsigned long hmask,
 static const struct mm_walk_ops damon_mkold_ops = {
 	.pmd_entry = damon_mkold_pmd_entry,
 	.hugetlb_entry = damon_mkold_hugetlb_entry,
+	.walk_lock = PGWALK_RDLOCK,
 };
 
 static void damon_va_mkold(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr)
@@ -521,6 +522,7 @@ static int damon_young_hugetlb_entry(pte_t *pte, unsigned long hmask,
 static const struct mm_walk_ops damon_young_ops = {
 	.pmd_entry = damon_young_pmd_entry,
 	.hugetlb_entry = damon_young_hugetlb_entry,
+	.walk_lock = PGWALK_RDLOCK,
 };
 
 static bool damon_va_young(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,

mm/hmm.c

@@ -548,6 +548,7 @@ static const struct mm_walk_ops hmm_walk_ops = {
 	.pte_hole	= hmm_vma_walk_hole,
 	.hugetlb_entry	= hmm_vma_walk_hugetlb_entry,
 	.test_walk	= hmm_vma_walk_test,
+	.walk_lock	= PGWALK_RDLOCK,
 };
 
 /**

mm/ksm.c

@@ -434,13 +434,18 @@ static inline bool ksm_test_exit(struct mm_struct *mm)
  * of the process that owns 'vma'.  We also do not want to enforce
  * protection keys here anyway.
  */
-static int break_ksm(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr)
+static int break_ksm(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr, bool lock_vma)
 {
 	struct page *page;
 	vm_fault_t ret = 0;
 
 	do {
 		cond_resched();
+		if (lock_vma)
+			vma_start_write(vma);
+		else
+			mmap_assert_locked(vma->vm_mm);
+
 		page = follow_page(vma, addr,
 				FOLL_GET | FOLL_MIGRATION | FOLL_REMOTE);
 		if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(page))
@@ -511,7 +516,7 @@ static void break_cow(struct ksm_rmap_item *rmap_item)
 	mmap_read_lock(mm);
 	vma = find_mergeable_vma(mm, addr);
 	if (vma)
-		break_ksm(vma, addr);
+		break_ksm(vma, addr, false);
 	mmap_read_unlock(mm);
 }
 
@@ -814,7 +819,7 @@ static void remove_trailing_rmap_items(struct ksm_rmap_item **rmap_list)
  * in cmp_and_merge_page on one of the rmap_items we would be removing.
  */
 static int unmerge_ksm_pages(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
-			     unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
+			     unsigned long start, unsigned long end, bool lock_vma)
 {
 	unsigned long addr;
 	int err = 0;
@@ -825,7 +830,7 @@ static int unmerge_ksm_pages(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 		if (signal_pending(current))
 			err = -ERESTARTSYS;
 		else
-			err = break_ksm(vma, addr);
+			err = break_ksm(vma, addr, lock_vma);
 	}
 	return err;
 }
@@ -972,7 +977,7 @@ static int unmerge_and_remove_all_rmap_items(void)
 			if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_MERGEABLE) || !vma->anon_vma)
 				continue;
 			err = unmerge_ksm_pages(vma,
-						vma->vm_start, vma->vm_end);
+						vma->vm_start, vma->vm_end, false);
 			if (err)
 				goto error;
 		}
@@ -2487,7 +2492,7 @@ int ksm_madvise(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
 			return 0;		/* just ignore the advice */
 
 		if (vma->anon_vma) {
-			err = unmerge_ksm_pages(vma, start, end);
+			err = unmerge_ksm_pages(vma, start, end, true);
 			if (err)
 				return err;
 		}

mm/madvise.c

@@ -234,6 +234,7 @@ static int swapin_walk_pmd_entry(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long start,
 
 static const struct mm_walk_ops swapin_walk_ops = {
 	.pmd_entry		= swapin_walk_pmd_entry,
+	.walk_lock		= PGWALK_RDLOCK,
 };
 
 static void force_shm_swapin_readahead(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
@@ -541,6 +542,7 @@ static int madvise_cold_or_pageout_pte_range(pmd_t *pmd,
 
 static const struct mm_walk_ops cold_walk_ops = {
 	.pmd_entry = madvise_cold_or_pageout_pte_range,
+	.walk_lock = PGWALK_RDLOCK,
 };
 
 static void madvise_cold_page_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
@@ -763,6 +765,7 @@ static int madvise_free_pte_range(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr,
 
 static const struct mm_walk_ops madvise_free_walk_ops = {
 	.pmd_entry		= madvise_free_pte_range,
+	.walk_lock		= PGWALK_RDLOCK,
 };
 
 static int madvise_free_single_vma(struct vm_area_struct *vma,

mm/memcontrol.c

@@ -5966,6 +5966,7 @@ static int mem_cgroup_count_precharge_pte_range(pmd_t *pmd,
 
 static const struct mm_walk_ops precharge_walk_ops = {
 	.pmd_entry	= mem_cgroup_count_precharge_pte_range,
+	.walk_lock	= PGWALK_RDLOCK,
 };
 
 static unsigned long mem_cgroup_count_precharge(struct mm_struct *mm)
@@ -6242,6 +6243,7 @@ static int mem_cgroup_move_charge_pte_range(pmd_t *pmd,
 
 static const struct mm_walk_ops charge_walk_ops = {
 	.pmd_entry	= mem_cgroup_move_charge_pte_range,
+	.walk_lock	= PGWALK_RDLOCK,
 };
 
 static void mem_cgroup_move_charge(void)

mm/memory-failure.c

@@ -722,6 +722,7 @@ static int hwpoison_hugetlb_range(pte_t *ptep, unsigned long hmask,
 static const struct mm_walk_ops hwp_walk_ops = {
 	.pmd_entry = hwpoison_pte_range,
 	.hugetlb_entry = hwpoison_hugetlb_range,
+	.walk_lock = PGWALK_RDLOCK,
 };
 
 /*

mm/mempolicy.c

@@ -709,6 +709,14 @@ static const struct mm_walk_ops queue_pages_walk_ops = {
 	.hugetlb_entry		= queue_pages_hugetlb,
 	.pmd_entry		= queue_pages_pte_range,
 	.test_walk		= queue_pages_test_walk,
+	.walk_lock		= PGWALK_RDLOCK,
+};
+
+static const struct mm_walk_ops queue_pages_lock_vma_walk_ops = {
+	.hugetlb_entry		= queue_pages_hugetlb,
+	.pmd_entry		= queue_pages_pte_range,
+	.test_walk		= queue_pages_test_walk,
+	.walk_lock		= PGWALK_WRLOCK,
 };
 
 /*
@@ -729,7 +737,7 @@ static const struct mm_walk_ops queue_pages_walk_ops = {
 static int
 queue_pages_range(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
 		nodemask_t *nodes, unsigned long flags,
-		struct list_head *pagelist)
+		struct list_head *pagelist, bool lock_vma)
 {
 	int err;
 	struct queue_pages qp = {
@@ -740,8 +748,10 @@ queue_pages_range(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
 		.end = end,
 		.first = NULL,
 	};
+	const struct mm_walk_ops *ops = lock_vma ?
+			&queue_pages_lock_vma_walk_ops : &queue_pages_walk_ops;
 
-	err = walk_page_range(mm, start, end, &queue_pages_walk_ops, &qp);
+	err = walk_page_range(mm, start, end, ops, &qp);
 
 	if (!qp.first)
 		/* whole range in hole */
@@ -1086,7 +1096,7 @@ static int migrate_to_node(struct mm_struct *mm, int source, int dest,
 	vma = find_vma(mm, 0);
 	VM_BUG_ON(!(flags & (MPOL_MF_MOVE | MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL)));
 	queue_pages_range(mm, vma->vm_start, mm->task_size, &nmask,
-			flags | MPOL_MF_DISCONTIG_OK, &pagelist);
+			flags | MPOL_MF_DISCONTIG_OK, &pagelist, false);
 
 	if (!list_empty(&pagelist)) {
 		err = migrate_pages(&pagelist, alloc_migration_target, NULL,
@@ -1263,8 +1273,6 @@ static long do_mbind(unsigned long start, unsigned long len,
 		     nodemask_t *nmask, unsigned long flags)
 {
 	struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
-	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
-	struct vma_iterator vmi;
 	struct mempolicy *new;
 	unsigned long end;
 	int err;
@@ -1330,12 +1338,8 @@ static long do_mbind(unsigned long start, unsigned long len,
 	 * Lock the VMAs before scanning for pages to migrate, to ensure we don't
 	 * miss a concurrently inserted page.
 	 */
-	vma_iter_init(&vmi, mm, start);
-	for_each_vma_range(vmi, vma, end)
-		vma_start_write(vma);
-
 	ret = queue_pages_range(mm, start, end, nmask,
-			  flags | MPOL_MF_INVERT, &pagelist);
+			  flags | MPOL_MF_INVERT, &pagelist, true);
 
 	if (ret < 0) {
 		err = ret;

mm/migrate_device.c

@@ -286,6 +286,7 @@ static int migrate_vma_collect_pmd(pmd_t *pmdp,
 static const struct mm_walk_ops migrate_vma_walk_ops = {
 	.pmd_entry		= migrate_vma_collect_pmd,
 	.pte_hole		= migrate_vma_collect_hole,
+	.walk_lock		= PGWALK_RDLOCK,
 };
 
 /*

mm/mincore.c

@@ -177,6 +177,7 @@ static const struct mm_walk_ops mincore_walk_ops = {
 	.pmd_entry		= mincore_pte_range,
 	.pte_hole		= mincore_unmapped_range,
 	.hugetlb_entry		= mincore_hugetlb,
+	.walk_lock		= PGWALK_RDLOCK,
 };
 
 /*

mm/mlock.c

@@ -365,6 +365,7 @@ static void mlock_vma_pages_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 {
 	static const struct mm_walk_ops mlock_walk_ops = {
 		.pmd_entry = mlock_pte_range,
+		.walk_lock = PGWALK_WRLOCK_VERIFY,
 	};
 
 	/*

mm/mprotect.c

@@ -542,6 +542,7 @@ static const struct mm_walk_ops prot_none_walk_ops = {
 	.pte_entry		= prot_none_pte_entry,
 	.hugetlb_entry		= prot_none_hugetlb_entry,
 	.test_walk		= prot_none_test,
+	.walk_lock		= PGWALK_WRLOCK,
 };
 
 int

mm/pagewalk.c

@@ -384,6 +384,33 @@ static int __walk_page_range(unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
 	return err;
 }
 
+static inline void process_mm_walk_lock(struct mm_struct *mm,
+					enum page_walk_lock walk_lock)
+{
+	if (walk_lock == PGWALK_RDLOCK)
+		mmap_assert_locked(mm);
+	else
+		mmap_assert_write_locked(mm);
+}
+
+static inline void process_vma_walk_lock(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
+					 enum page_walk_lock walk_lock)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_PER_VMA_LOCK
+	switch (walk_lock) {
+	case PGWALK_WRLOCK:
+		vma_start_write(vma);
+		break;
+	case PGWALK_WRLOCK_VERIFY:
+		vma_assert_write_locked(vma);
+		break;
+	case PGWALK_RDLOCK:
+		/* PGWALK_RDLOCK is handled by process_mm_walk_lock */
+		break;
+	}
+#endif
+}
+
 /**
  * walk_page_range - walk page table with caller specific callbacks
  * @mm:		mm_struct representing the target process of page table walk
@@ -443,7 +470,7 @@ int walk_page_range(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long start,
 	if (!walk.mm)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	mmap_assert_locked(walk.mm);
+	process_mm_walk_lock(walk.mm, ops->walk_lock);
 
 	vma = find_vma(walk.mm, start);
 	do {
@@ -458,6 +485,7 @@ int walk_page_range(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long start,
 			if (ops->pte_hole)
 				err = ops->pte_hole(start, next, -1, &walk);
 		} else { /* inside vma */
+			process_vma_walk_lock(vma, ops->walk_lock);
 			walk.vma = vma;
 			next = min(end, vma->vm_end);
 			vma = find_vma(mm, vma->vm_end);
@@ -531,7 +559,8 @@ int walk_page_vma(struct vm_area_struct *vma, const struct mm_walk_ops *ops,
 	if (!walk.mm)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	mmap_assert_locked(walk.mm);
+	process_mm_walk_lock(walk.mm, ops->walk_lock);
+	process_vma_walk_lock(vma, ops->walk_lock);
 
 	err = walk_page_test(vma->vm_start, vma->vm_end, &walk);
 	if (err > 0)

mm/vmscan.c

@@ -4214,6 +4214,7 @@ static void walk_mm(struct lruvec *lruvec, struct mm_struct *mm, struct lru_gen_
 	static const struct mm_walk_ops mm_walk_ops = {
 		.test_walk = should_skip_vma,
 		.p4d_entry = walk_pud_range,
+		.walk_lock = PGWALK_RDLOCK,
 	};
 
 	int err;